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Development costs are most typically associated with direct development expenses, but other sources generate
project-related expenses as well:
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Requirements gathering
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Project management
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Testing
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System management, including development, testing and deployment systems
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Initial hardware and software for development, testing and deployment systems
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Production support
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Data or transaction volumes which increased hardware investment to support
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Initial implementation costs
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hardware
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packaged software
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installation costs
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development and testing costs
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cost of running an acceptance test or pilot
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deployment costs
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Ongoing operating costs
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Operating and support staff costs
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System maintenance costs
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Hardware and software maintenance
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Communications
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Software licenses
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Environmental costs
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Expansion and growth costs
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Hardware
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Software rework/amendment.
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